ʻEletā Jeffrey R. Holland
ʻO e Kōlomu ʻo e Kau ʻAposetolo ʻe Toko Hongofulu Mā Uá
ʻOku tau fakahā ʻoku fakamoʻoniʻi mai pē he folofolá ʻoku sino mavahevahe ʻa e Tamaí, ʻAló mo e Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní pea ko ha toko tolu fakalangi ʻa kinautolu.
Hangē ko ia ne lave ki ai ʻa ʻEletā Pālati he konga ki muʻa ʻo e fakatahaʻangá ni, kuo hanga ʻe he ngaahi meʻa ʻoku hoko ʻi māmani he ʻaho ní ʻo tohoakiʻi e tokanga ʻa e kakaí ki he Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní. Naʻe fakahā ʻe he ʻEikí ki he kakai ʻo e kuonga muʻá ʻe hoko ʻa e ngāue ko ʻeni ʻo e ngaahi ʻaho ki mui ní “ko ha ngāue fakaofo mo lahi”1 pea ʻoku tonu ia. Pea neongo ʻetau fakaafeʻi ʻa e tokotaha mo e kakai kotoa pē ke nau toe vakaiʻi lelei ange ʻa hono fakaofo ʻo e ngāué ni, ʻoku ʻi ai ha meʻa ʻoku ʻikai ke tau loto ke fifili ki ai ha taha—pe ko ha “kakai Kalisitiane” koā kitautolu pe ʻikai.
Ka ʻi ai ha fakakikihi pe ko ha kakai Kalisitiane kitautolu pe ʻikai, ʻe fakatefito ia ʻi ha foʻi tokāteline ʻe ua—ko e anga ʻetau vakai ki he Toluʻi ʻOtuá mo ʻetau tui ki he tefitoʻi moʻoni ʻo e maʻu fakahā hokohokó, ʻa ia ʻe maʻu ai ha ngaahi fakamoʻoni fakafolofola kehe. ʻOku ʻikai fie maʻu ia ke tau hoko ko ha niʻihi ke maluʻi ʻetau tuí, ka ʻoku ʻikai ke tau loto ke ʻi ai ha maʻu hala. Ko ia, ʻi heʻeku loto ke toe lahi ange ʻa e mahino ki aí mo fakahā mahino mo taʻe toe veiveiua ko e kakai Kalisitaine kitautolú, te u lea ai he ʻahó ni ʻo kau ki he fika ʻuluaki ʻo e ongo tokāteline ne u lave ki aí.
Ko ʻetau tefito ʻo e tui ʻuluaki mo mahuʻinga taha ʻi he Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ʻoku peheni, “‘Oku mau tui ki he ʻOtua, ko e Tamai Taʻengatá, pea ki Hono ʻAlo ko Sīsū Kalaisí, pea ki he Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní.” 2 ʻOku tau tui ʻoku hoko e toko tolu fakalangi ko ʻení ko e Toko Toluʻi ʻOtuá ʻa ia ʻoku nau taha ʻi he taumuʻa, founga, fakamoʻoni pea mo e misiona. ʻOku tau tui ʻoku Nau tatau pē ʻo fonu ʻi he fakamaau totonú mo e ʻaloʻofa mo e ʻofa faka-ʻOtuá, manavaʻofá mo e faʻa kātakí, faʻa fakamolemolé mo e huhuʻí. ʻOku ou tui ʻe totonu ke u pehē ʻoku tau tui ʻoku Nau taha ʻi he ngaahi meʻa kotoa pē ʻoku mahuʻinga mo taʻengatá tuku kehe pē ʻoku ʻikai ke tau tui ʻoku sino pē ʻe taha ʻa e toko tolú ni, ʻa ia ko ha fakakaukau ʻoku maʻu ʻe kinautolu ʻoku tui ki he Toko Tolu Tapú ka kuo teʻeki ai fakahā mai ia ʻi he folofolá he ʻoku ʻikai moʻoni.
Ko ha maʻuʻanga fakamatala ala falalaʻanga ʻa e Harper’s Bible Dictionary ʻa ia ʻoku pehē ʻi ai, “‘oku ʻikai ke hā ʻi he Fuakava Foʻoú ʻa e tokāteline kau ki he Toko Tolu Tapú ʻo hangē ko hono fakaʻuhingaʻi ʻe he Kosilio ʻa e ngaahi siasi lalahi ʻi he senituli faá mo e nimá.”3
Ko ia, ka ai ha fakaanga ʻo pehē ʻoku ʻikai maʻu ʻe he Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui Ní ʻa e fakakaukau faka-Kalisitiane kau ki he ʻOtuá, Sīsū, mo e Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní, ʻoku ʻikai ke ʻuhinga ia ki heʻetau tui kia Kalaisí ka ko haʻanau fakatokangaʻi ʻa e kehe ʻa ʻetau fakakaukau ki he Toluʻi ʻOtuá (ʻa ia te u pehē ʻoku tonu e meʻa ʻoku nau fakatokangaʻí) mei he hisitōlia faka-Kalisitiane ki mui mai he kuonga ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú ʻo tau foki kitautolu ki he tokāteline ko ia ne akoʻi tonu ʻe Sīsuú. ʻE ʻaonga ha kiʻi fakamatala kau ki he hisitōlia ki mui mai ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú.
ʻI he taʻu 325 A.D. naʻe ui ai ʻe he ʻemipola ʻo Loma ko Konisitenitainé ha Kosilio ʻi Nīsia ke nau aleaʻi ʻa e fakautuutu ko ia e pehē ko e ʻOtuá ko e “toko tolu ka ʻoku nau taha pē” mo ha toe ngaahi meʻa kehe pē. Hili ha fakakikihi lahi ʻa e kau tangata lotú, kau filōsefá, mo e kau taki fakalotú, naʻe maʻu ai e tui ko ʻeni naʻe ui ko e Tui Faka-Nīsí (hili ia ha taʻu kehe ʻe 125 mo ha ngaahi fakataha alēlea lalahi ʻe tolu),4 mo ha ngaahi fokotuʻutuʻu ki mui ʻo hangē ko e Tui Faka-ʻAtenisí. Naʻe pehē ʻi he ngaahi feliliuaki mo e fetongitongi kehekehe naʻe fakahoko he ngaahi senituli hokohoko aí,—ko e Tamaí, ʻAló mo e Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní ʻoku ʻikai hanau sino, ʻoku aoniu mo mafeia ‘a e meʻa kotoa pē, ʻoku ʻikai ke nau moʻui ʻi he ʻunivēsí mo e taimí ni, ʻoku nau ʻi he potu kotoa pē, ʻoku lava ke nau fakafōtunga mai ʻi he ngaahi meʻa kehekehe, ʻoku nau moʻui fakataha kotoa pē ʻo taʻengata, ʻoku nau ʻafioʻi ʻa e meʻa kotoa pē, ʻikai ke nau maʻu ha sino, kongokonga ʻo e sinó pe ongo ʻo e lotó. ʻOku pehē ʻi he ngaahi tui pehení ko e toko tolu mavahevahe kinautolu ka ko e toko taha pē, ʻo faʻa pehē ai “ko e fakamisiteli ʻeni ʻo e toko tolu tapú.” Ko e toko tolu mavahevahe ʻa kinautolu, ka ʻoku ʻikai ko ha ʻOtua ʻe tolu kae taha pē. ʻA ia ko e toko tolú ni ʻoku ʻikai malava ke mahino ia ki ha taha, kae kehe, ʻoku ʻikai malava ke mahino ki ha taha ʻa e ʻOtua pē taha ko ʻení.
ʻOku tau tui tatau heni mo kinautolu ʻoku nau fakaangaʻi kitautolú—ʻa e taʻe malava moʻoni ke mahino ki ha taha ʻa e faʻahinga fakakaukau ko ʻeni kau ki he ʻOtuá. ʻI he fakatupu puputuʻu hono fakaʻuhingaʻi ko ʻeni ʻo e ʻOtuá ʻe he siasí, ʻoku ʻikai ha ofo ʻi he pehē ʻe ha pātele ʻi he senituli hono faá, “Fakamamahí ē ka ko au! Kuo nau ʻave hoku ʻOtuá meiate au . . . pea ʻoku ʻikai te u ʻiloʻi pe ko hai te u hū pe lotu ki aí.”5 ʻE anga fēfē haʻatau falala, ʻofa mo hū, pea feinga ke hangē ko ha Tokotaha ʻoku ʻikai malava ke mahino kiate kitautolu pea ʻikai ke tau ʻilo ki aí? Fēfē ʻa e lotu ʻa Sīsū ki Heʻene Tamai Hēvaní “ko ʻeni ʻa e moʻui taʻengatá, ko ʻenau ʻilo koe ko e ʻOtua moʻoni pē tahá, mo Sīsū Kalaisi, ʻa ia naʻá ke fekaú”?6
ʻOku ʻikai ko ʻetau taumuʻá ke tuku hifo ha tui ʻa ha taha pe tokāteline ʻa ha faʻahinga siasi. ʻOku tau ʻoatu ki he kakai kotoa pē ʻa e fakaʻapaʻapa tatau ki heʻenau tokāteliné ʻo hangē ko ʻetau kole ke nau fakaʻapaʻapaʻi ʻetau tokāteliné. (Ko ha tefito foki ia ʻe taha ʻo ʻetau tuí.) Ka ʻo ka pehē ʻe ha taha ʻoku ʻikai ko ha kau Kalisitiane kitautolu koeʻuhí ko e ʻikai ke tau tui ki ha fakakaukau mei he senituli faá pe nimá ʻo kau ki he Toluʻi ʻOtuá, fēfē leva ʻa e fuofua Kāingalotu Kalisitiane ne mamata tonu honau tokolahi ki he Kalaisi moʻuí, pea ʻikai ke nau maʻu ʻa e tui tatau mo ʻení? 7
ʻOku tau fakahā ʻoku fakamoʻoniʻi mai pē mei he folofolá ʻoku sino mavahevahe ʻa e Tamaí, ʻAló mo e Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní, ko ha toko tolu fakalangi ʻa kinautolu, pea fakatokangaʻi hono fakatātaaʻi mahino mai ʻo e foʻi moʻoni ko ʻení ʻi he Lotu Hūfekina ʻa e Fakamoʻuí ne u toki lave ki aí, hono papitaiso Ia ʻe Sioné, ʻa e meʻa naʻe hoko ʻi he Moʻunga ʻo e Liliú mo hono fakapoongi ʻo Sitīvení—ka ko ha fakatātā pē ia ʻe fā.
ʻI he ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatala ko ia mei he Fuakava Foʻoú mo e ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatala lahi ange8 ʻoku tau ʻiló, mahalo he ʻikai ʻaonga ia ke tau fehuʻi pe ko e hā e ʻuhinga ʻa Sīsū ʻi Heʻene folofola ʻo pehē, “‘Oku ʻikai faʻa fai ʻe he ʻAló ha meʻa ʻiate ia pē, ka ko ia ʻokú ne mamata ʻoku fai ʻe he Tamaí.”9 Naʻá Ne folofola ʻo pehē, “Naʻe ʻikai te u ʻalu hifo mei he langí ke fai hoku loto ʻoʻokú, ka ko e finangalo ʻo ia naʻá ne fekauʻi aú.”10 Naʻá Ne folofola kau kiate kinautolu naʻa nau faka fepakiʻi Iá ʻo pehē, “. . . Kuo nau mamata mo fehiʻa kiate au mo ʻeku Tamaí.”11 Pea naʻe fakaʻapaʻapa maʻu pē mo fakavaivai ʻa Sīsū ki Heʻene Tamaí ʻo Ne pehē, “Ko e hā ʻokú ke ui ai au ko e leleí? ko e toko taha pē ʻoku leleí ʻa ia ko e ʻOtuá.”12 ‘ʻOku lahi ʻeku tamaí ʻiate au.”13
Ko hai naʻe lotu fakamaatoato ki ai ʻa Sīsū ʻi he ngaahi taʻu ko iá, kau ai ʻene ngaahi tautapa ʻi he mamahí ʻo pehē “‘A ʻeku Tamai, kapau ʻe faʻa fai, pea ʻave ʻa e ipú ni ʻiate au,”14 mo e “Ko hoku ʻOtua, ko hoku ʻOtua, ko e hā kuó ke liʻaki ai aú”?15 Ke fakahaaʻi e fakamoʻoni fakafolofolá mo fakahā ʻoku sino mavahevahe ʻa e Toluʻi ʻOtua moʻui haohaoa mo uouangatahá ni, ʻoku ʻikai pehē ia ʻoku tau halaia ai ʻi he angahala ʻo e hū ki ha ngaahi ʻotua tokolahí, ka ko ha konga pē ia ʻo e fakahā maʻongoʻonga naʻe haʻu ʻa Sīsū ke tufaki ʻo fekauʻaki mo e natula ʻo e toko tolu fakalangí. Mahalo ʻoku fakamatalaʻi lelei taha ia ʻe he ʻAposetolo ko Paulá ʻi heʻene pehē, “[ko] Kalaisi Sīsū . . . ʻi heʻene ʻi he tatau mo e ʻOtuá, naʻe ʻikai pehē ʻe ia ko ha faʻaoa ke na taha mo e ʻOtuá.”16
Ko ha ʻuhinga ʻe taha ʻoku pehē ai ʻe ha niʻihi ʻoku ʻikai ko ha siasi tui faka-Kalisitiane ʻa e Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimui ní, ko ʻetau tui tatau ko ia mo e kau palōfita mo e kau ʻaposetolo ʻo e kuonga muʻá, ki ha ʻOtua ʻoku ʻi ai Hono sino—ʻa ia ko ha sino nāunauʻia.17 ʻOku ou fehuʻi ai kiate kinautolu ʻoku nau fakaangaʻi ʻa e tui ko ʻeni ʻoku makatuʻunga ʻi he folofolá: Kapau ʻoku mou fakafepakiʻi ʻa e fakakaukau ki ha ʻOtua ʻoku ʻi ai Hono sinó, ko e hā ʻoku fakatefito ai ʻa e ngaahi meʻa mahuʻinga kotoa pē ʻo e tui faka-Kalisitiané ʻi he hoko ʻa Sīsū Kalaisi ko e Tangatá, ʻa e Fakaleleí pea mo e Toetuʻu he sinó ʻa e ʻEiki ko Sīsū Kalaisí? Kapau ʻoku ʻikai fie maʻu pe ʻikai ʻaonga ke ʻi ai ha sino ʻo e ʻOtuá, ko e hā leva ne hanga ai ʻe he Huhuʻi ʻo e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ʻo huhuʻi Hono sinó mei he mālohi ʻo e maté mo e faʻitoká, ʻo fakapapauʻi ai he ʻikai toe mavahevahe ʻa Hono sinó mei Hono laumālié ʻi he nofo taimí pe ʻi he nofo taʻengatá?18 Ka ai ha taha ʻokú ne fakasītuʻaʻi ʻa e fakakaukau ʻoku ʻi ai e sino ʻo e ʻOtuá, ʻokú ne fakasītuʻaʻi ai ʻa e Kalaisi naʻe moʻui ʻi he māmaní pea toetuʻú. He ʻikai fie fai ʻeni ʻe ha taha ʻokú ne pehē ko ha Kalisitiane moʻoni ia.
Ko ia ʻoku ou fai atu ʻa e fakamoʻoni ko ʻení ki ha taha pē ʻoku fanongo mai ki hoku leʻó ka naʻá ne fifili pe ko ha kakai Kalisitiane kimautolu. ʻOku ou fakamoʻoni ko Sīsū Kalaisí ko e ʻAlo moʻoni mo moʻui ia ʻo hotau ʻOtua moʻoni mo moʻuí. Ko e Sīsū ko ʻení ʻa hotau Fakamoʻuí mo hotau Huhuʻí, naʻá Ne Fakatupu ʻa e langi mo māmaní mo e meʻa kotoa pē ʻi aí, ʻo fakatatau ki he fakahinohino ʻa e Tamaí. ʻOku ou fakamoʻoni naʻe ʻaloʻi Ia ʻe ha faʻē tāupoʻou pea naʻá Ne fakahoko ha ngaahi mana kāfakafa ne mamata ki ai ʻEne kau ākongá pea mo Hono ngaahi filí foki. ʻOku ou fakamoʻoni naʻá Ne maʻu ʻa e mālohi ki he maté he ko e ʻOtua Ia, ka naʻá Ne loto fiemālie ke fakamoʻulaloaʻi Ia ki he maté koeʻuhí ko kitautolu he naʻe ʻi ai e vahaʻataimi naʻá Ne hoko ai foki ʻo matelie. ʻOku ou fakahā heni, ʻi Heʻene loto fiemālie ke pekiá, naʻá Ne toʻo ai kiate Ia ʻa e ngaahi angahala ʻa māmaní, ʻo Ne fuesia ʻa e totongi taʻefakangatangata ki he mamahi mo e mahakiʻia kotoa pē, ʻa e loto-mamahi mo e taʻefiefia kotoa pē meia ʻĀtama ʻo aʻu ki he ngataʻanga ʻo e māmaní. ʻI Heʻene fakahoko iá, naʻá Ne ikunaʻi fakatuʻasino ai ʻa faʻitoka mo ikunaʻi fakalaumālie ʻa heli, ʻo Ne fakatauʻatāinaʻi ai ʻa e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá. ʻOku ou fakamoʻoni naʻá Ne toetuʻu moʻoni mei he fonualotó pea hili ʻEne hāʻele hake ki Heʻene Tamaí ke fakakakato ʻa e Toetuʻú, Naʻá Ne toutou hā ki ha kau ākonga ʻe laungeau ʻi he Maama Motuʻá mo e Maama Foʻoú foki. ʻOku ou ʻilo ko e Tokotaha Māʻoniʻoni Ia ʻo ʻIsilelí, ko e Mīsaia ʻe toe hāʻele fakaʻosi mai ha ʻaho ʻi he nāunau, ke pule ʻi he māmaní ko e ʻEiki ʻo e Ngaahi ʻeikí mo e Tuʻi ʻo e ngaahi tuʻí. ʻOku ou ʻilo ʻoku ʻikai mo ha toe hingoa ʻi he lalo langí ʻe lava ke fakamoʻui ai ʻa e tangatá pea ʻe makatuʻunga ʻi haʻatau falala kakato ki Heʻene ngaahi leleí, ʻaloʻofá mo e manavaʻofa taʻengatá,19 ha malava ke tau maʻu ʻa e moʻui taʻengatá.
ʻOku ou toe fakamoʻoni ki he tokāteline nāunauʻia ko ʻení, kuo ʻosi hāʻele mai ʻa Sīsū, ʻo lahi hake ʻi he tuʻo tahá, ʻi he nāunau fakaʻeiʻeiki, ko e teuteu ki Heʻene pule ʻi he nofo-tuʻí ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho ki mui ní. ʻI he faʻahitaʻu failau ʻo e 1820, ʻi he puputuʻu ʻa ha tamasiʻi taʻu 14 ʻi he ngaahi tokāteline tatau pē ko ia ʻoku kei puputuʻu ai ha kakai Kalisitiane tokolahi, naʻá ne ʻalu ai ki ha vao ʻakau ke lotu. Ko e tali ki he lotu fakamātoato ʻa ha tamasiʻi kei siʻi pehē, Ko e hā mai ʻa e Tamaí mo e ʻAló, ko ha ongo tangata kuó na sino nāunauʻia, ki he palōfita kei talavou ko ʻeni ko Siosefa Sāmitá. Naʻe fakaʻilongaʻi heni ʻa e kamataʻanga ʻo hono fakafoki mai ʻo e ongoongolelei moʻoni ʻo e Fuakava Foʻou ʻa e ʻEiki ko Sīsū Kalaisí pea mo hono toe fakafoki mai ʻo e ngaahi moʻoni kehe naʻe tala ʻe he kau palōfitá meia ʻĀtama ʻo aʻu mai ki he kuongá ni.
ʻOku ou fakamoʻoni ʻoku moʻoni ʻa ʻeku fakamoʻoni ʻo kau ki he ngaahi meʻá ni pea ʻoku ava mai ʻa e langí kiate kinautolu kotoa pē ʻoku fekumi ke maʻu ha fakamoʻoni tataú. ʻE fakafou he Laumālie Māʻoniʻoni ʻo e Moʻoní ʻa ʻetau ʻiloʻi kotoa pē “‘a e ʻOtua moʻoni pē tahá, pea mo Sīsū Kalaisi, ʻa Ia naʻá [Ne] fekaú.”20 ʻOku ou fakatauange te tau moʻuiʻaki ʻEna ngaahi akonakí pea tau hoko ko ha kau Kalisitiane moʻoni ʻi heʻetau ngāué mo ʻetau leá foki, ʻi he huafa ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí, ʻēmeni.
Maʻuʻanga Fakamatalá
1. ʻĪsaia 29:14.
2. Ngaahi Tefito ʻo e Tui 1:1.
3. Paul F. Achtemeier, ed., (1985, 1099; toki tānaki atu hono fakamamafá.
4. Constantinople, A.D. 381; Ephesus, A.D. 431; Chalcedon, A.D. 451.
5. Hiki ʻi he Owen Chadwick, Western Asceticism, (1958), 5.
6. Sione 17:3; toki tānaki atu hono fakamamafaí.
7. Ki ha fakamatala kakato ange kau ki he fakakaukaú ni, vakai ki he Stephen E. Robinson, Are Mormons Christian?. 71–89 vakai foki, Robert Miller ko e Getting at the Truth, (2004), 106–122.
8. Ki hano fakatātā, vakai ki he Sione 12:27–30; Sione 14:26; Loma 8:34; Hepelū 1:1–3.
9. Sione 5: 19; vakai foki, Sione 14:10.
10. Sione 6:38.
11. Sione 15:24.
12. Mātiu 19:17.
13. Sione 14:28.
14. Mātiu 26:39.
15. Mātiu 27:46.
16. Filipai 2:5–6.
17. Vakai, David L. Paulsen, Early Christian Belief in a Corporeal Deity: Origen and Augustine as Reluctant Witnesses, Harvard Theological Review, vol. 83 no.2, (1990): 105–16; David L. Paulsen, “The Doctrine of Divine Embodiment: Restoration, Judeo-Christian, and Philosophical Perspectives,” BYU Studies, vol. 35, no. 4, (1996): 7–94; James L. Kugel, The God of Old: Inside the Lost World of the Bible, (2003), xi–xii, 5–6, 104–106, 134–35; Clark Pinnock, Most Moved Mover: A Theology of God’s Openness, (2001), 33–34.
18. Vakai, Loma 6:9; ʻAlamā 11:45.
19. Vakai, 1 Nīfai 10:6; 2 Nīfai 2:8; 31:19; Molonai 6:4; Joseph Smith Translation, Loma 3:24)
20. Sione 17:3.
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