E a Kaotaki Rongorongon te Ekaretia i Mexico Man te Kanganga nakon te Korakora

Aba aika maungaunga, rereua, buakonikai, ao mataniwiin aba aika rianako, Mexico ngkoa bon mwengaia aomata ake a katei tembora aika tamaroa ao kaawa. Imwiin taai aika mwaiti, kain Mexico a katei aan kateitei n te onimaki ao te tataro bwa a na teimatoa inanon taai ni kanganga.

Ngkai a katea te Ekaretia Aika Itiaki i Utah, kain Mexico a mwakuri ni kateiraoa aroia aia botannaomat, n ikotaki ma korean te tua ae boou are e kamaenakoa te ekaretia ao te titeiki. Rongorongon te euangkerio e roko i Mexico inanon 1876 irouia taian moan mitinare, ake a uouoti rongorongo man ana Boki Moomon, are meerinna nakoia taan kairiiri irouia kain Mexico aika kinaaki. N rimwiaki n te bwabetito.

N tain te maungatabu ae rangi ni kakawaki n te Ekaretia are e karaoaki n Eberi 6, te beretitenti n te mwanga ae beretitenti Silviano Arteaga, ao tabeman taan kairiiri, ao te Abotoro ae Moses Thatcher (1842–1909) a tamwarakea karabeen te warekeno n te Maunga ae Mt Popocatépetl. Unimwane Thatcher imwiina e katabua te aba ibukin tataekinan te euangkerio.

N te maungatabu Beretitenti Arteaga e tataro, ao UnimwaneThatcher e reitia: “A bwaro rannimatana rikaaki iaon tabwana are e bwarukuruku, ibukin kamaeuaia ana reeti ao aomata. I tuai man ongo mai imwaina ana tataro te mwane ae e rangi n nano, ao e ngae ngke e tataro n te taetae are I aki ongo, eng ma e ota irou man ana mwakuri te Tamnei, bwaai ni kabane ake e bubuti ibukina.”²

Inanon naba te tai anne, tabeua mwaanga i Mexico a kateaki n te aono anne. Desideria Yañez, te unaine ae e a tia ni mate buuna n te titeiki ae Hidalgo, e miia ana bebwa ae uarereke Parley P. Pratt A Voice of Warning. (Te Bwana ni Kauring) E kanakoa natina te mwane nakon atun kawan Mexico ni karekea katotongan te bebwa ae uarereke, are e tibwa boretiaki n te taetae n Tibein. E kaina te Ekaretia n 1880, n riki ngaia bwa te moan aine ni kaina te Ekaretia i Mexico.³

Man te tai anne mwaitiia membwa n te Ekaretia i Mexico a tiku ni kakaonimaki rinanon te bwina teririki n te bitaki, a bwainikirinaki, a maiu ni kainnao, ao a kaokoroaki.⁴

Teuana te katoto n te kakaonimaki aei e reke n te mwaanga ae San Pedro Martir, are e kateaki inanon 1907. Membwa n taai akekei a ikotaki i meangin te kaawa ae Mexico n te kateitei are e kateaki iroun te mwane ae e a tibwa bwabetitoaki Agustin Haro, are e weteaki bwa e na tararua te mwaanga. Inanon ririki ao inanon te kanganga n te Bitaki i Mexico, ngke tao teuana te mirion kain Mexico ake a tiringaki, a mwaiti Aomata aika itiaki ake a kataia ni kataniia i San Pedro ngke e riki aia tabo bwa te tabo ni buaka. Ainen te Botaki n Aine i San Pedro a katauraoi bwaai ni ibuobuoki nakoia taan birinako aikai ma te mwakuri n nanoanga.⁵

A bon kakabwaiaki membwa n ana mwakuri korakora te tia kairiri ae Rey L. Pratt. Ngke e weteaki bwa te beretitenti ngaia i Mexico Mition n 1907, e beku n te nakoa anne ni karokoa e mate n 1931. E tatangira rongoron te aba, te katei, ao aomata aika I-Mexico ao e e reke tangirana irouia ao onimakinana ngkai a uaia ni mwakuri ni kakorakora aan ana kateitei te Ekaretia ikekei. Ana mwakuri Beretitenti Pratt e kamatoaia taan kairiiri n te Ekaretia e kakoaua bwa e rang kakawaki inanon 1926 ngke e waaki ni kamatoa te tua te tautaeka ni Mexico are e katabuia aomata ake tiaki kain te aba bwa a na tararuai taian aro iaon Mexico.⁶ N te tai aio ao te kurubu ni membwa a katea te bwai ae e aranaki bwa te Kateniua n Tua aoa waaki ni weteia aia tia kairiri ao a katei autinibotaki.

Arwell L. Pierce e weteaki bwa te beretitenti n te Mexican Mition in 1942. Ao maan ana atatai ibukin koro tamein auti ao kateitei ngke e rikirake i Chihuahua ao ni mwakuri n te mition i Mexico, Beretitenti Pierce e anga baina n tangira ao n atatai ngke e reirei, kakorakoraaki, ao e buokiia ni botiia membwa. E bootia naba ni mwakuri ma membwa n te Kateniua n Tua ni kaitiaka aia raraoma.

Teuana ana kouru Beretitenti Pierce bon buokaia membwa n roko n te tembora.⁷ Inanon ana mwakuri n 1943 e karaoi ao ni katauraoi tembora ibukiia membwa aika mwaiti aika tabe ni wakinaki bwa aonga ni kakabwaiaki. Imwiin marorona ma taan kairiiri n te Ekaretia n te aono i Arizona, USA, Unimwane Joseph Fielding Smith (1876–1972), are e membwa n te tai anne n te Kooram n Abotoro ake Tengaun ma Uoman, e taku, “I aki noora riaina bwa bukin tera te taetae n Imatang e riai n tautaekana te tietion n te tembora.”⁸ Unimwane Antoine R. Ivins man te Itingaun ao Eduardo Balderas n ana tabo ni mwakuri te Ekaretia n te raitaeka e butiaki bwa e na rairii otenanti n te tembora nakon te Spanish. Te mwakuri n rairairi e katea te mwaneka ibukin te tembora bwa e na kateaki n aba tabeua.⁹

N ikotaki ma te botaki ni bukamaru n te tembora e tauraoi n te Spanish n te Mesa Arizona Tembora n rokon ana Burabeti te Ekaretia George Albert Smith (1870–1951) i Mexico n 1946 ni buoka katiteuanakiia Aomata aika Itiaki i Mexico,¹⁰ e waaki rikiraken te Ekaretia n te aro are a tia n iangoia te roro n taai akekei. Mition ao titeiki aika a boou a kateaki ni kabuta te aba, ao reirei ake a mwanenaki man te Ekaretia a kaunga te reirei.

N 1964 te Ekaretia e katabua El Centro Escolar Benemérito de las Américas, te reirei are e anga bwaai n reirei, katei, maiu n tamnei, ao kainnanoia membwa aika taan kairiiri ni karokoa e a riki bwa te tienta ni kataneiai ibukiia mitinare 2013.¹¹ Titita Lorena Gómez-Alvarez, are e angabebwa man te reirei aei, e taku, “Benemérito e buokai ni kunea ao ni karikirakei au tarena ao ni karekea kinakiu ao au atatai n te euangkerio are e a tia ni kakabwaia maiu. E a kona ngkai ni buokiia mitinare ni katabangaka te euangkerio ao e na bon kakabwaia maiuia aomata, n te kawai ae e okoro.”¹²

Te maungatabu n te aono n 1972 ni Kawan Mexico bon te tai ni bitaki ae korakora n te Ekaretia. A mwananga membwa man taabo aika a raroanako n ongora iroun Beretitenti Harold B. Lee (1899–1973), ana kauntira, ao tabeman Abotoro, ao taan kairiiri tabeman. E kamataku ikanne te Taebenaeko Kuaea ikekei, n raonaki ma te baka n amwarake n te maiu n tamnei. Taan ira te Maungatabu a taekinna, “E bon raka riki nakon are ti iangoia bwa e na kona n riki—te maungatabu n oin abara.”¹³

Te 1970 ao a bon raaka aron te kakukurei n te rikirake i Mexico. N 1970 e kaniia 70,000 memba n te aba, n tokin tebwina te ririki e kaniia 250,000. Teniua te ririki imwiin te maungatabu n te aono, Unimwane Howard W. Hunter (1907–95) e tibwatibwai teniua titeiki aikai ao ni karikii bwa 15 titeiki n te wiikeen teuana, ni weteia membwa aika mwaiti aika kairake aika kain Mexico bwa taan kairiiri.¹⁴

Te mwakuri ni mitinare e rikirake naba n tai aikai. Te Mition i Mexico, e a tanoata kaukakina n 1879, e bwenaua n te moan tai n 1956; n te tai aei Mexico ai 34 te mition iaona.¹⁵ Tari Jorge Zamora, are e beku bwa te mitinare ni kawan Mexico n te Mition are i Meang n te 1980s, e a tia ni kakoaua te rikirake aei. E uringa te aono aio n ana mition are membwa a tia ni mwananga inanon teuana te aoa n ira te taromauri; ngkai e a tei ikekei te titeiki. E taku, “Bon te kamimi rou n aron ana mwakuri te Uea ni katea te Ekaretia, n aki taraia bwa te aba raa ke kateina.”

Membwa i Mexico a tangirii otenanti ni kamaiu n te tembora ao a tatauraoi ni karaoi anganano aika korakora ibukin aia tai ao n aron aia kabane mwane n nako n tataro ikekei. Ai tibwa 100 te ririki imwin katabuan te aba iroun Unimwane Thatcher ibukin taetaekinan te euangkerio, e kateaki te tembora n atun kawan Mexico. N te 1983 e kaukaki te auti aio bwa e na ibuobuoki ibukin kaotinakoaia kain te Ekaretia man te kanganga i Mexico ngke a roko nga ma nga nakon te tembora ao ni karekei rongorongo riki tabeua. Inanon 30 te ririki, 11 riki tembora aika katabuaki iaon te aba aio, ao teuana riki ae tabe ngkai ni karaoaki.

Isabel Ledezma e ikawai rake i Tampico ao e uringnga ngke ana karo a kabaeaki n te Tembora i Mesa Arizona. “Bon uabong te mwananga nako Arizona ao e bon rang bobuaka,” e taku neiei. “Ngke e a ni katabuaki te Tembora n atun kawan Mexico, te raroa ngkane ibukin kaeana e a kauarerekeaki nakon 12 te aoa n te kabuti kaa. Ngkai e a tei te tembora i Tampico, ti a kona n rin iai ni kaea.”

Limhi Ontiveros, are e beku bwa te beretitenti n te Oaxaca Mexico Tembora man 2007 nakon 2010 e taku, “Naake iai aia koaua ae nano n te euangkerio a kona ni karekei kawaia n roko n te tembora, ni kaitarai kanganga n te raroa ao te kabanemwane, ao a noora te tembora bwa ai aron te biikan ni kamaiu.”

Titita Ledezma e reitia, “Ti kainnanoa te Tamnei n ara kaawa nako, ao karekean te tembora ikai e ibuobuoki. Ngkana iai ara kanganga, ngkana ti nanokawaki, e kaan te tembora ao ti kona ni karekea te rau ikekei.”

Membwa i Mexico a kaitarai kakaewenako ao kariiri, ma a ataia bwa ngaiia ao raoia aika Itiaki bon natin te Tama n tangira, aroia ni kaubwai ao n reitaki ma raoia bon akea rekerekeia ma aroia n iakoakoi imarenaia.

Te utu ae Mendez a maeka n te kaawa ae maungaunga ae uarereke n uakaan ma Oaxaca, i maiakin Mexico. A taku, “Iai taai ni kanganga, te mwane, ao te raroa, ma te nano ni kan karaoa are tangiria ara Tia Kamaiu bwa ti na kamarurungira n tokanikai iaon kanganga nako.”

Gonzalo Mendez, ae 15 ana ririki, e taku, “Ngkana ko maeka n te tabo are iai te kanganga iai, kariiri kona n rangi ni kanganga, man ana ibuobuoki te tataro tina aki kariiriaki n te aonaaba, ao tina tei bwa taan kakoaua nakon te maiu ae tamaroa riki.”

Te euangkerio e a kaman tei i Mexico, ma iai aono tabeua are e tabe n rikirake iai te Ekaretia. Jaime Cruz, ae 15 ana ririki, ao ana utu bon ti ngaia membwa n te Ekaretia n aia kaawa ae uarereke are a mena iaon maunga i etan te Kaawa ae Oaxaca. Ngaia ma raraona ae Gonzalo a mwakuriia aia kamatebwai n te tieminarii inanon te wiiki. Ni katoa Kaonobong a mwananga 2 te aoa iaon te bwati nakon te umwantabu ae kaan ibukin kaean aia kirati n tieminarii ma kairake ake tabeman n aia uoote. Jaime e tibwaua te bwai are e reiakinna n te tieminarii ma raona n reirei ao e kaekai aia titiraki. Tarin Jaime ae uarereke, Alex, te riikan, bon te tia kairiiri ibuakoia raraona. E taekinna Alex bwa ngkana e tuangiia bwa a na aki kabonganai taetae aika buakaka ke ni karin oneaia aika riai, ao ongo n te bwai are e taekinna. Jaime ao Alex a uaia n ataia bwa tauan te nakoanibonga bon te kinaaki ae karineaki ao te tibwanga. “I ataia bwa te nakoanibonga a anganaki ataeinimwane bwa a na kamimitonga aran te Atua ni buokiia tabeman ao n tataekina te euangkerio,” e taku Jaime.

Inanon kawaran Mexico ae tibwa karaoaki, Unimwane Neil L. Andersen man te Kooram n Abotoro are Tengaun ma Uoman e kaitibo ma te roronrikirake man titeiki aika teniua n kaawan Cancun. N ana tai ma te roronrikirake aikai, e taku, “Ti norii taura inanon mataia ao te onimaki iaon moaia ao te mii are a karekea. I teimatoa n iangoa tamaroan Mexico n taai aika a ana roko are e reke irouia.”¹⁶