Ko e Kau Paionia ʻi he Fonua Kotoa Pē
Tonga Ko Ha Fonua Kuo Tuku ki Langi
Hili ha taʻu ʻe hongofulu nai mei hono fokotuʻu e Siasi ʻo Sīsū Kalaisi ʻo e Kau Māʻoniʻoni ʻi he Ngaahi ʻAho Kimuí Ni ʻi Niu ʻIoke, USA, ne fakaului ha kiʻi fonua puleʻanga faka-Tuʻi maile ʻe lauiafe mei ai ʻi he ʻOseni Pasifikí ki he tui faka-Kalisitiané. ʻI he 1839, ne momoi ʻe Kingi Siaosi Tupou I ʻo Tongá ʻa hono fonuá, kakaí, mo hono hakó ki he toʻukupu malu ʻo e ʻOtuá. Ne hoko ʻa e folofola ʻa e tuʻí “Ko e ʻOtuá mo Tonga ko hoku tofiʻa” ko e moto ia ʻo Tongá. ʻOku mahuʻinga ʻa e fatongia ʻo e tui fakalotú ʻi he nofo faka-Tongá koeʻuhí ko hono tukufakaholó; aʻu ki he ʻaho ní, ʻoku tauhi ʻe he Tonga kotoa ʻa e Sāpate ko e ʻaho ʻo e lotu.
Ko e Ongo ʻUluaki Faifekaú
Lolotonga e ngāue ʻa ʻEletā Pilikihami Simuti mo ʻAlavā Patilā ʻi he Misiona Haʻamoá, naʻe vahe kinaua ke ʻave ʻa e ongoongolelei kuo toe fakafoki maí ki he ʻotu motu ʻo Tongá. ʻI heʻena tūʻuta ʻi he 1891, naʻá na fefolofolai ai mo Kingi Siaosi Tupou I, ʻa ia naʻá ne finangalo ke na malanga ʻaki e ongoongolelei ʻo Sīsū Kalaisí. ʻI he tokolahi ko ia e kau fie fanongó, ne ui ha kau faifekau tokolahi ange ki Tonga pea nau femouʻekina hono malangaʻi e ongoongoleleí. Meʻa pangó, naʻe ʻikai ke tupu ʻa e Siasí ʻi Tonga ʻo hangē ko ʻene tupulaki ʻi he ngaahi ʻotu motu Polinisia kehé, ʻa Tahiti, Hauaiʻi, Nuʻu Sila, mo Haʻamoa. ʻI he 1897, ne fekauʻi e kau faifekaú ke nau foki ki Haʻamoa pea nofo ʻa e kāingalotu papi ului tokosiʻi ʻi Tonga ʻi he kiʻi vahaʻataimi taʻe ʻi ai ha taki faka-Siasi.
ʻI he 1891, ne fefolofolai ʻa ʻEletā Pilikihami Simuti mo ʻAlavā Patilā pea mo Kingi Siaosi Tupou I pea maʻu ʻa e ngofua ke malangaʻaki e ongoongoleleí ki hono kakaí.
Ko e Kakai Naʻe Manatuá
“ʻIkai ʻoku mou ʻilo ko au, ko e ʻEiki ko homou ʻOtuá, … ʻoku ou manatuʻi ʻa kinautolu ʻoku ʻi he ngaahi motu ʻo e tahí” (2 Nīfai 29:7).
Naʻe manatuʻi ʻe he ʻEikí ʻa e Kāingalotu ʻi he ʻotu motu Tongá. ʻI he 1907, naʻe tūʻuta ʻa ʻEletā Hiipa J. Makei mo W. O. Feisa ʻi Neiafu, Vavaʻu, ʻo na fokotuʻu ai ha kolo mo ha kiʻi ʻapiako siʻisiʻi. ʻIkai fuoloa mei ai, ʻi he ngaahi taʻu siʻi hono hokó, kuo kamata ke ʻafaʻafa ʻa e ngāue fakafaifekaú, pea fokotuʻu mo e ngaahi kolo lahi mo e ngaahi akoʻanga ʻo e Siasí ʻi he ngaahi ʻotu motú kotoa.
Hangē ko e ngaahi tapa kehekehe ʻo māmani, naʻe fehangahangai ʻa e Siasi ʻi Tongá mo e fakafepakí, ka ʻi he liu mai ko ʻení naʻe foki mai ʻa e ongoongoleleí ke tuʻu. ʻI he tupulaki ʻa e ngāue fakafaifekaú naʻe ui ha kau Tonga ko e kau taki ʻo e Siasí koeʻuhí ka fakafoki ʻa e kau mulí, ʻo hangē ko e Tau Lahi ʻa Māmani Hono II, ʻe malava ke hokohoko atu ʻa e ngaʻunu ʻa e Siasí ki muʻá.
Ko Hono Langa Hake ʻo ha Sosaieti Faka-Kalisitiane
ʻI he mafola ʻa e ongoongoleleí ʻi he fonuá, naʻe fokotuʻu ha ngaahi ʻapiako kehekehe ʻo e Siasí. ʻI he 1947, naʻe lisi ai ʻe he Siasí ha konga kelekele lahi pea kamata hono langa ʻo ha ʻapiako foʻou, ko e Kolisi Liahoná, ʻa ia ʻoku ʻiloa ʻi he taimí ni ko e Ako Māʻolunga ko Liahoná.
Naʻe fakatāpui ʻi he 1953, ʻe ʻEletā Likuleni Lisiate (1886–1983) ʻo e Kōlomu ʻo e Kau ʻAposetolo ʻe Toko Hongofulu Mā Uá, pea hoko ko e “taki maama faifakahinohino” kiate kinautolu kotoa pē ʻe hū ki ai, pea hoko ko e teuteuʻanga ʻo e hako tupú ke nau hoko ko e kau taki mo e faʻifaʻitakiʻanga lelei ki he niʻihi kehé. Naʻe ʻafio foki ʻi he fakatāpuí ʻa Kuini Sālote Tupou III, ʻa ia naʻá ne fakaola ʻa e ʻapiakó ko e meʻangāue ki hono langa ʻo ha “Sivilaise Faka-Kalisitiane” ʻa ia ʻokú ne fakatahatahaʻi ʻa e kakai mei he ngaahi tapa kotoa pē ʻo e moʻuí. Talu mei hono fokotuʻu ʻo e ʻapiakó, mo e laungeau ʻa e fānauako mei he Akoʻanga Māʻolunga ko Liahoná kuo nau hoko ko e kau faifekau taimi kakato, kau taki ʻo e Siasí, mo e kau taki he ngaahi tukui koló.
He ʻahó ni ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e akoʻanga māʻolunga ʻe ua ʻoku fakalele ʻe he Siasí ʻi Tonga: Ako Māʻolunga ko Liahoná, ʻi he motu lahi ko Tongatapú, mo e Akoʻanga Māʻolunga ko Sainehā, ʻi he ʻotu motu Vavaʻú. ʻOku ʻi ai foki mo e akoʻanga lotoloto ʻe nima ʻoku fakalele ʻe he Siasí: tolu ʻi Tongatapu, taha ʻi ʻEua, mo e taha ʻi Haʻapai.
Ko e Kikite Kuo Fakahoko
ʻI he ʻaʻahi ʻa Palesiteni Tēvita O. Makei (1873–1970) mo hono uaifi ko ʻEma Leí, ki Tonga ʻi he 1955, naʻe tokangaʻi lelei kinaua ʻe he Kāingalotú hangē ha houʻeikí. Ko e fuofua ʻaʻahi ʻeni ha Palesiteni ʻo e Siasí ki he ʻotu motú ni. Lolotonga ʻena ʻaʻahi nounou ki Tongatapu mo Vavaʻú, naʻá na fakataha mo e kāingalotú peá na ongoʻi ʻenau ʻofá mo e moʻui mateakí ʻi hono fakahoko ʻe he kau Tongá ʻa e hivá mo e ngaahi tauʻolunga mo e ngaahi lea mo e kātoanga kai. Lolotonga e ʻaʻahi ʻa Palesiteni Makei ki he Kāingalotu ʻi Vavaʻú, naʻe ueʻi ia ke fakahā ʻa e vīsone naʻá ne maʻú “ko ha temipale ʻi he taha ʻo e ngaahi ʻotu motú, ʻa ia ʻe lava ke ʻalu ki ai e kāingalotu ʻo e Siasí ʻo maʻu e ngaahi tāpuaki ʻo e temipale ʻo e ʻOtuá.” Naʻe hiki ʻe ha mēmipa ʻo e Siasí ʻa e meʻa ʻa e kau Tongá naʻe faí: “Naʻe loʻimataʻia kotoa e haʻofangá.”1
Meimei taʻu ʻe 30 mei ai, naʻe huufi ʻi ʻAokosi 1983 ʻa e Temipale Nukuʻalofa Tongá ʻe Palesiteni Kōtoni B. Hingikelī (1910–2008), ko e tokoni ʻi he kau Palesitenisī ʻUluakí ʻi he taimi ko iá. ʻOku ou manatuʻi ne u kei finemui he taimi ko iá, ʻa e folau mai ʻa e Kāingalotu mei motú mo e kau Tonga nofo mulí ki he katoanga mahuʻingá ni. Ne u maʻu e faingamālie ke ʻalu ki ha taha ʻo e ngaahi fakatahaʻanga fakatāpuí ʻo kau he kuaeá. ʻOku ou manatuʻi ʻa e ongo māfana naʻá ku maʻu ʻi heʻeku fanongo ki he lea ʻa Palesiteni Hingikelií, pea naʻá ku ʻiloʻi kuo ui ia ʻe he ʻOtuá. ʻI he taimi naʻa mau hivaʻi ai e “ʻAnitema Hosaná”, ne mahino kiate au foki ʻa e lahi ʻo e ʻofa ʻa e ʻEikí ki Heʻene fānaú.
Kuo manatuʻi maʻu pē ʻe he Fakamoʻuí ʻa e kakai ʻi he ngaahi motu ʻo e tahí, pea ʻi he ʻaho ko iá ne fakahoko ai e kikite ʻa Palesiteni Makeí.
Toe Fakatapui ʻa e Fale ʻo e ʻEikí
Koeʻuhí ko e fakautuutu e tupu ʻo e Siasí ʻi Tongá, naʻe tāpuni ai ʻa e temipalé ʻi ha taʻu nai ʻe ua ke fai hano fakaleleiʻi. Ne kau ʻi he ngaahi ngāue kehé, ʻa hono fakalahi ʻa e ngaahi lokí, tānaki atu ha loki faiʻanga sila, pea fakaʻaongaʻi ha ngaahi kupesi faka-Polinisia ki he holisí mo e ʻaofí.
ʻI he kamataʻanga ʻo e 2007, naʻe ui au mo hoku husepānití ke faʻu ha kātoanga faiva fakafonua ki hono toe fakatapui ʻo e temipalé. Ne ʻamanaki fakahoko ʻi Nōvema ʻaho 3, ko e ʻaho ia kimuʻa he ʻaho fakatapuí.
Ko e taumuʻá ke fakakau mai ʻa e tokolahi taha ʻo e toʻu tupu ʻe lavá mei he ngaahi siteiki ʻi Tongatapú, pea ke faʻu ha polokalama te ne teuteuʻi fakalaumālie e Kāingalotú ki hono fakatapui ʻo e temipalé he ʻaho hono hokó. Ko e polokalamá naʻe fakamafola hangatonu ʻi he letioó mo e televisoné ki he ngaahi ʻotu motu ʻi tahí mo e ngaahi siteiki Tonga ʻi mulí, ʻa ia ko ha fatongia mafatukituki moʻoni ʻeni.
Naʻe ui ʻa e polokalama ne faʻú “Ko e Mataʻikoloa ʻOku Tolongá.” ʻOku kau ai ha ngaahi faiva fakafonua mei Tonga, Hauaiʻi, Tahiti, Nuʻusila, Fisi, mo Haʻamoa. Ko e talanoa ki ha ongomātuʻa, ne mate hona fohá peá na fekumi ʻi he ngaahi ʻotu motu lahi ʻo Polinisiá ki ha mataʻikoloa te ne fakafiemālieʻi kinaua mei heʻena mamahí. Neongo naʻá nau maʻu ha ngaahi meʻaʻofa ʻi he motu takitaha, ka naʻe ʻikai lava ke fakanonga ʻa ʻena mamahí. ʻI heʻena foki ki Tongá, naʻe fakafeʻiloaki kiate kinaua ʻe he ongo faifekaú ʻa e ongoongoleleí peá na ako ki he “mataʻikoloa ʻoku tolongá”—ʻa e fāmili taʻengatá mo e tāpuaki ʻo e toe feʻiloaki mo hona foha kuo mālōloó ʻi he kahaʻú.
Ne ʻuha lahi ʻaupito e uike ne fakahoko ai e fakatapui ʻo e temipalé. ʻI he fakaangaanga fakaʻosi ʻo e ngaahi faivá, ʻi he ʻaho 2 ʻo Nōvemá, ne kei ʻaoʻaofia e langí. Ne u kole ki he toʻu tupú ke nau foki ki honau ngaahi ʻapí ʻo lotua ha ʻaho ʻalomālie koeʻuhí ke nau lava ʻo fakaʻaliʻali ʻenau faivá maʻa Tonga mo kinautolu te nau mamata mai ʻi he satelaité, kae tautautefito ki he palōfitá. Ne ʻuha lahi e pō ko iá, pea ʻi he pongipongi hake ʻo e ʻaho hono hokó ne kei ʻalotāmaki pē.
ʻI he efiafi Tokonakí, ne fakataha hake ki he Malaʻe Vaʻinga Teufaivá ha toʻu tupu ʻe toko 3,000 ke fanongo kia ʻEletā Lāsolo M. Nalesoni ʻo e Kōlomu ʻo e Kau ʻAposetolo ʻe Toko Hongofulu Mā Uá, ʻa ia naʻá ne fakafofongaʻi mai ʻa Palesiteni Hingikelī koeʻuhí kuó ne toulekeleka ke toe fakatapui e temipalé. He ʻikai teitei ngalo ʻiate au ʻa e faiva naʻe taá. Ne lelei ʻa e meʻa kotoa. Ne ʻalomālie ʻa natula, ne tōtō atu ʻa e meʻa fakaongo leʻo lahí neongo naʻe ʻikai sai lolotonga ʻa e taimi fakaangaangá, pea naʻe fakahoko ʻe he kau talavoú mo e kau finemuí ʻenau faivá ʻaki honau lotó kotoa.
Kuo mau mātā tonu ha mana. Naʻe ʻafio mai ʻa e Tamai Hēvaní ki he lotu ʻa ʻEne fānaú peá Ne taʻofi ʻa e ʻuhá. ʻI he taimi tatau, ne mau lava ʻo ʻomi ʻa e laumālie ki he ʻaho hono hokó ki he fakatapui ʻo e temipalé, ʻo fakamanatu ki he kāingalotú ko e fāmili taʻengatá ʻa e mataʻikoloa ʻoku tolongá pea ʻoku langa ʻa e ngaahi temipalé ke ʻomi ʻa e ngaahi tāpuaki ko iá.
Ko Ha Kakai Kuo Fakatapui ki he ʻEikí
ʻI he ʻaho ní ʻoku hokohoko atu ʻa e tupu ʻa e Siasí ʻi Tongá, mo e ngaahi lakanga fakatakimuʻa ʻoku maʻu ʻe he kakai ʻo e fonuá. ʻOku liunga lahi e ngaahi ʻapi siasi ʻi he tukui motú, pea ʻoku fakavaveʻi ange ʻa e ngāué ʻi hono fakalahi ʻo e kau faifekau taimi kakató. Kuo fakavaʻe lelei ʻa e ngaahi ʻapiako ʻo e Siasí pea hokohoko atu ʻa hono teuteuʻi ha kau faifekau loto-toʻa, kau taki ki he kahaʻú, mo e ngaahi faʻē mo e tamai moʻui taau.
ʻOku ʻikai toe fie maʻu ke folau tahi e Kāingalotú mei motu ki he kolomuʻá ke mamata he konifelenisi lahí. Ka kuo hanga ʻe he tekinolosiá ʻo fakaaʻu ki he kāingalotú ʻa e ngaahi konifelenisi lahí mo e konifelenisi fakaʻēlia mei Nuʻusilá, ʻo nau mamata pē mei honau ngaahi siteikí.
Neongo e hake mai ʻa e ngaahi liliu ʻo e kuongá ki he matāfanga ʻo Tongá, ka ʻoku kei hokohoko atu pē ʻa e tukufakaholo ʻo e tui ʻa e Kāingalotú. Ko ha kakai ne fai mateaki ki he ʻOtuá ʻi he taʻu ʻe 175 kuohilí. Ko ha kakai ʻoku hokohoko atu ʻi he ʻahó ni ʻenau foaki ʻenau moʻuí mo e meʻa kotoa ʻoku nau maʻú ki he ʻEikí.