Ko e Ngaahi Kosipelí: Ngaahi Fakamoʻoni ʻe Fā ki he Fakamoʻuí

Fai ʻe Gaaye Strathearn, Tokoni Puleako ʻo e Ako Fakalotú, ʻUnivēsiti Pilikihami ʻIongí, mo Frank F. Judd Jr., Palōfesa ʻo e Folofola Fakakuongamuʻá, ʻUnivēsiti Pilikihami ʻIongí

ʻI heʻetau vakai fakalelei ki he Ngaahi Kosipeli takitaha ʻe faá, te tau lava ʻo sio ki ha ngaahi fakakaukau makehe ʻoku fakamamafaʻi ai ha ngaahi moʻoni mahuʻinga fekauʻaki mo Sīsū Kalaisi.

ʻĪmisi

Ko e ʻafio ʻa Sīsū Kalaisi ʻi ha tēpile mo ʻEne Kau ʻAposetoló

Ko e Fakamanatu Kiate Au, tā fakatātā ʻa Walter Rane; ngaahi tā fakatātā kehé naʻe fai ʻe Paul Mann

ʻOku ʻuhinga ʻa e foʻi lea kosipelí ko e “ongoongo lelei,” pea ko e ongoongo leleí ko e hāʻele mai ko ia ʻa Sīsū Kalaisi ki he māmaní ʻo fakahoko Hono misiona ʻo e fakamoʻuí (vakai, 3 Nīfai 27:13–14). ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻe he Kosipeli ʻe fā ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú ʻa e moʻui mo e misiona ʻo e Fakamoʻuí.

Naʻe fuofua hiki ʻa e Kosipeli takitaha ko ha fakamoʻoni tauʻatāina ki he Fakamoʻuí. ʻI heʻetau vakai fakalelei ki he fakamoʻoni takitaha, ʻe lava ke tau fakahoungaʻi e ngaahi fakakaukau makehe ʻoku fakamamafaʻi ai e ngaahi moʻoni mahuʻinga fekauʻaki mo Sīsū Kalaisí.

ʻĪmisi

ko ha tangata ʻoku tohi ʻi ha takainga tohi kae sio pē ha tangata ʻe taha

Maʻake

Ko hai ia?	Naʻe ʻuluaki pehē ko Sione Maʻake ia, ko ha hoa faifekau ʻo Paula (vakai, Ngāue 12:25).
Ko e hā ʻene ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatalá?	Mahalo pē ko Pita, ʻa ia naʻá na ō ki Lomá pea mo ʻene manatu ki he Fakamoʻuí naʻá ne hikí.¹
Ko e fē taimi naʻe hiki ai ʻene Kosipelí?	Mahalo ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e 65 mo e 70 AD (ko e ʻuluaki ʻi he Ngaahi Kosipeli ʻe fā ʻo e Fuakava Foʻoú ke tohí).
Ko hai naʻe fakataumuʻa ki ai ʻene tohí?	Kau laukonga Senitailé, mahalo mo e kau Lomá. ʻOku fakamatalaʻi ʻe Maʻake ʻa e ngaahi anga fakafonua faka-Siú maʻá e kau laukonga naʻe ʻikai ke nau maheni mo e lea mo e anga fakafonua ʻa Sīsuú (vakai, Maʻake 7:1–4), pea ʻokú ne toe fakamatala foki ki he ngaahi ʻulungaanga fakafonua ʻo Lomá (vakai, Maʻake 6:48; 13:35).

ʻOku ʻikai kamata ʻaki ʻe Maʻake e ʻaloʻi ʻo Sīsuú, ka ʻoku kamata ʻi Hono papitaisó, ʻa ia naʻe fakahā ai ʻe he ʻOtuá ko Sīsū ʻa Hono ʻAlo ʻOfaʻangá (vakai, Maʻake 1:11). Ko e fakangofua mo e tuʻunga fakalangi ko ʻení ko e fakavaʻe ia ʻo e mafai ʻo Sīsū ki he puké, mahakí, mo e fakafepakí.

Ko hono fakalūkufuá, ʻoku fakamamafaʻi ʻe Maʻake neongo naʻe fakasītuʻaʻi ʻa Sīsū, maʻuhala, pea pekia ʻi ha mate fakamā ʻi he kolosí, ka ʻi he ikuʻangá naʻá Ne ikunaʻi ʻa e meʻa kotoa pē.

ʻI hono fakahaaʻi ʻe Sīsū Hono mafaí, naʻe faʻa maʻuhala ʻa e kau Siú kiate Ia (vakai, Maʻake 1:27; 4:11–12; 8:27–28), kau ai ʻa kinautolu ʻi Hono kolo tupuʻanga ko Nāsaletí (vakai, Maʻake 6:1–4), mo ha kau mēmipa ʻe niʻihi ʻo e fāmilí (vakai, Maʻake 3:21; vakai foki, Sione 7:5). Naʻa mo ʻEne kau ākongá naʻe ʻikai mahino kakato kiate kinautolu ʻa e lahi ʻo Hono misioná (vakai, Maʻake 4:36–41).

Neongo e fakafepakí mo e fetaʻemahinoʻakí, ka naʻe ikuna ʻa Sīsū. Lolotonga ʻEne ngāue fakafaifekau ʻi he matelié, naʻá Ne akoʻi ʻEne kau ākongá te Ne toe tuʻu mei he maté (vakai, Maʻake 8:31; 9:31; 10:34). ʻI he kolosí, naʻe aʻu ki he ʻeikitau Lomá naʻá ne fakahā ko Sīsū ʻa e ʻAlo moʻoni ʻo e ʻOtuá (vakai, Maʻake 15:39). ʻI he fonualotó, naʻe fakapapauʻi ʻe ha talafekau ʻi ha pulupulu hinehina kuo toe tuʻu ʻa Sīsū (vakai, Maʻake 16:5–6), pea naʻe mamata tonu ha kau fakamoʻoni tokolahi ki he Kalaisi kuo toetuʻú (vakai, Maʻake 16:9–14).

Ko e Meʻa Te Tau Lava ʻo Ako meia Maʻaké

Kiate kinautolu ko ia ʻoku fifili ki he ʻuhinga naʻe ʻikai tali ai ʻe ha kakai tokolahi ange ʻa e Mīsaia naʻe tutukí mo feinga ke maʻu pe fakamālohia ʻenau fakamoʻoní, ʻoku ʻomi ʻe he Kosipeli ʻa Maʻaké ha ʻamanaki lelei. Talu mei he kamataʻangá mo e maʻuhala ʻa e kakaí kia Sīsū Kalaisi. Ka ko kinautolu mei ha faʻahinga matakali pe puipuituʻa ʻoku nau faivelenga ʻi he faʻa kātaki pea muimui ki he Fakamoʻuí, te nau maʻu ha fakapapau “ko e moʻoni ko e ʻAlo ʻo e ʻOtuá ʻa e tangatá ni” (Maʻake 15:39).

ʻĪmisi

ko ha tangata ʻoku tohi ʻi ha takainga tohi

ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe Mātiu ʻa Sīsū ko e fakakakato ia ʻo e ngaahi kikite ʻa ʻIsilelí pea ko e fakamoʻoni ʻoku ʻafio ʻa e ʻOtuá ʻi Hono kakaí.

Mātiu

Ko hai ia?	ʻOku pehē ko e tangata tānaki tukuhau ia naʻe fakamatala ki ai ʻi he Mātiu 9:9.
Ko e hā ʻene ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatalá?	ʻOku hangē ʻoku fakafalala ʻene Kosipelí ʻi he Kosipeli ʻa Maʻaké ʻi he ngaahi talanoa naʻe lekōtí, pea mo e fakahokohoko hono tohí tukukehe ha ngaahi meʻa makehe.
Ko e fē taimi naʻe hiki ai ʻene Kosipelí?	Mahalo ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e 80 mo e 95 AD.
Ko hai naʻe fakataumuʻa ki ai ʻene tohí?	Kau laukonga Siú. ʻOku ʻikai ongoʻi ʻe Mātiu ʻa e fiemaʻu ke fakamatalaʻi e ngaahi fakakaukau ʻa e kau Siú ki heʻene kau fanongó, ʻo hangē ko Maʻaké. ʻOku kamata ʻaki e Kosipelí ha tohi hohoko ʻokú ne fakafehokotaki ʻa Sīsū mo e hako fakatuʻi ʻo Tēvitá pea mo ʻĒpalahame, ko e tamai ʻo e fuakava faka-Siú (vakai, Mātiu 1:1–17). Ka neongo ia, ʻoku kau foki ai ha ngaahi potufolofola ʻoku fakamamafaʻi ai e tui ʻa e kau Senitailé pea mo ʻenau kau ʻi he puleʻanga ʻo e langí (vakai, Mātiu 1:2–6; 8:5–12; 15:21–28), ʻo ʻamanaki ki he fakahinohino ʻa e Fakamoʻuí ʻi he Moʻunga ʻŌlivé ke “fakalotuʻi ʻa e ngaahi puleʻanga kotoa pē” (Mātiu 28:19).

ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe Mātiu ʻa Sīsū ko e fakakakato ia ʻo e ngaahi kikite ʻa e kau ʻIsilelí ki he haʻu ʻa e Mīsaiá mei he hako ʻo e Tuʻi ko Tēvitá. ʻOkú ne toe fakahaaʻi foki ʻa Sīsū ko e Mōsese foʻoú ʻo fakafou ʻi ha ngaahi fakafehoanaki: naʻá Ne haʻu mei ʻIsipite (vakai, Mātiu 2:13–15), ʻo fai ha malanga lalahi ʻe nima² (ʻo hangē ko hono ʻomi ʻe Mōsese ha tohi fono ʻe nima), pea foaki ʻEne fono foʻoú ʻi ha moʻunga (vakai, Mātiu 5:1).

ʻOku fakahaaʻi foki ʻe he Kosipeli ʻa Mātiú ʻa e hāʻele mai ʻa Sīsuú ko ha fakamoʻoni ʻoku ʻafio ʻa e ʻOtuá mo Hono kakaí. ʻI he taimi naʻe ʻi pilīsone ai ʻa Sione Papitaisó, naʻá ne fekauʻi atu ʻene kau ākongá kia Sīsū ke fehuʻi pe ko Sīsū “naʻe pehē ʻe haʻú” (vakai, Mātiu 11:2–3). Ko e tali ʻa Sīsuú naʻá Ne hāʻele mai ke fakamoʻui ʻa e kakaí mo akoʻi ʻa e ongoongoleleí ki he masivá (vakai, Mātiu 11:4–5).

Ko e Kosipeli pē ʻa Mātiú ʻoku lekooti ai ʻa e fakamoʻoni ʻa e ʻiloʻi ʻe he ʻāngeló ʻa Sīsū ko “ʻImanuela: ko hono ʻuhingá, ko e ʻOtuá ʻiate kitautolu” (Mātiu 1:23; vakai foki, ʻĪsaia 7:14) pea mo e folofola fakaʻosi ʻa Sīsū kuo toetuʻú ki Heʻene kau ākongá, “ʻOku ou ʻiate kimoutolu maʻu ai pē, ʻo aʻu ki he ngataʻanga ʻo māmaní” (Mātiu 28:20).

Ko e Meʻa Te Tau Lava ʻo Ako meia Mātiú

Ko e Kosipeli ʻa Mātiú ko ha fakamoʻoni mahuʻinga ia ki he fatongia ʻo Sīsū ʻi hono fakahaaʻi ko e ʻofa ʻa e ʻOtuá ʻoku ʻi Hono kakaí. Ko e hāʻele mai ʻa Sīsū ki he māmaní ko hono fakahoko ia ʻo ha palani naʻe fokotuʻu talu mei he kamataʻangá. Kimuʻa ʻi he ʻAho ʻo e Fakamāú, naʻe ʻuluaki fekauʻi mai ʻe he ʻOtuá Hono ʻAló ke akoʻi mo fakamoʻui fakatuʻasino mo fakalaumālie fakatouʻosi Hono kakaí.

ʻĪmisi

ko ha tangata ʻoku tohi ʻi ha takainga tohi

ʻOku fakamamafaʻi ʻe Luke ko Sīsū ʻa e Fakamoʻui maʻá e kakai kotoa pē, kae ʻikai ko kinautolu pē kuo filí pe māʻolungá.

Luke

Ko hai ia?	Ko ha toketā mo ha hoa faifekau ʻo Paula (vakai, Kolose 4:14; 2 Tīmote 4:11; Filimone 1:24).
Ko e hā ʻene ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatalá?	Naʻá ne ako mei he kau fakamatala tonú mo e ngaahi Kosipeli ne tohi kimuʻá, mahalo ne kau ai ʻa e Kosipeli ʻa Maʻaké (vakai, Luke 1:1–3).
Ko e fē taimi naʻe hiki ai ʻene Kosipelí?	Mahalo ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e 80 mo e 90 AD, fakataha mo hono kaungā tohí, ʻa e tohi ʻa Ngāué (fakafehoanaki Luke 1:1–4 mo e Ngāue 1:1–3).
Ko hai naʻe fakataumuʻa ki ai ʻene tohí?	Kau laukonga Senitailé. Neongo ʻoku kamata ʻa e tohi hohoko ʻa Mātiu kia Sīsuú ʻia ʻĒpalahame (vakai, Mātiu 1:2), ka ʻoku aʻu ʻa Luke kia ʻĀtama, ko e tamai ʻa e faʻahinga kotoa ʻo e tangatá (vakai, Luke 3:38). ʻI hono fakafehoanaki mo Maʻaké, ʻoku faʻa liliu ʻe Luke he taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻa e ngaahi fakamoʻoni fakafolofola naʻe ʻikai mahuʻingamālie ki heʻene kau laukonga ʻoku ʻikai Siú, hangē ko hono toʻo e ngaahi tukufakaholo fakalotu faka-Siú mo liliu e hingoa faka-Alameá pe faka-Hepeluú.

ʻOku fakamatala ʻa Luke ʻo lahi ange ʻi he ngaahi Kosipeli kehé, ki he kau fafine faivelengá, ko e niʻihi ʻo kinautolu naʻa nau fononga fakataha mo Sīsū mo poupouʻi fakatuʻasino Ia (vakai, Luke 8:1–3). ʻOkú ne fakamatala naʻe fakamoʻoni ha kau fafine kehe ki he pekia ʻa e Fakamoʻuí mo fakahā ki he kau ʻAposetoló kuo toe tuʻu ʻa Sīsū mei he maté (vakai, Luke 23:49, 55–56; 24:1–10).

ʻOku fakamamafaʻi ʻe Luke ko Sīsū ʻa e Fakamoʻui maʻá e kakai kotoa pē, kae ʻikai ko kinautolu pē kuo filí pe māʻolungá. ʻOkú ne fakamamafaʻi foki naʻe fakahoko e pōpoaki ʻa e Fakamoʻuí ʻo fakafou ʻi he mālohi ʻo e Laumālie Māʻoniʻoní. ʻOku fakamatala ʻa Luke kiate kinautolu naʻe fonu ʻi he Laumālié ʻi heʻenau teuteu mo kikite ki he Fakamoʻuí (vakai, Luke 1:15, 35, 41, 67; 2:25–27). Naʻe maʻu ʻe Sīsū tonu ʻa e Laumālié, tokoni ki he niʻihi kehé ʻo fakafou ai (vakai, Luke 3:16, 22), mo fakahā ʻoku finangalo ʻa e ʻOtuá ke foaki ʻa e Laumālie tatau ko ʻení ki Heʻene fānaú (vakai, Luke 12:10).

Ko Luke pē ʻoku kau ai ʻa e fekau ʻa e ʻEikí ki he Kau Fitungofulú ke akoʻi ʻa e ongoongoleleí ki he tokotaha kotoa pē (vakai, Luke 10:1–12). ʻOku hokohoko atu ʻa e kaveingá ni ʻi he tohi Ngāué ʻi hono ʻave ʻe he kau ākongá ʻa e ongoongo fakafiefiá mei Selusalema ki he “ngataʻanga ʻo māmaní” (Ngāue 1:8).

Ko e Meʻa Te Tau Lava ʻo Ako meia Luké

Makehe mei he ngaahi Kosipeli kehé, ʻoku fakahaaʻi ʻe Luke naʻe aʻusia ʻe he Fakamoʻui ʻo e māmaní ʻa ʻEne ikuʻanga ne tomuʻa fakanofó ʻi he ngeia mo e loto-toʻa koeʻuhí ke tau takitaha aʻusia ʻa e ngaahi tāpuaki ʻo ʻEne Fakaleleí mo e Toetuʻú, neongo pe ko e hā hotau puipuituʻá.

ʻĪmisi

ko ha tangata ʻoku tohi ʻi ha takainga tohi

Sione

Ko hai ia?	Ko e ʻAposetolo ko Sioné. Naʻe tui ha kau Kalisitiane tokolahi ʻi he kuonga muʻá ko Sione ʻa e ākonga ne ʻikai fakahā hono hingoá “naʻe ʻofa ai ʻa Sīsuú” ʻoku lau ki ai ʻi he Kosipeli ko ʻení (vakai, Sione 13:23). ʻOku fakapapauʻi ʻeni ʻe he fakahā ʻi onopōní ʻa e [meʻá ni] (vakai, 3 Nīfai 28:6; Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakava 7:1).
Ko e hā ʻene ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatalá?	Ko ʻene fakamoʻoni heʻene mamata tonú, ngaahi tohi ʻa Sione Papitaisó (vakai, Tokāteline mo e Ngaahi Fuakava 93:6–16), mo e kau ākonga faivelenga naʻe ʻikai fakahā honau hingoá ʻa ia naʻa nau tokoni kia Sione ke fakatahatahaʻi e fakamatala ko ʻení (vakai, Sione 21:24).
Ko e fē taimi naʻe hiki ai ʻene Kosipelí?	Mahalo ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e 90 mo e 110 AD.
Ko hai naʻe fakataumuʻa ki ai ʻene tohí?	Ko e kakai kotoa pē. ʻOku fakaafeʻi ʻe he Kosipeli ʻa Sioné ʻa e tokotaha kotoa pē ke “tui ko e Kalaisí ʻa Sīsū” (Sione 20:31), ʻa ia ʻoku kau ai ʻa kinautolu ʻoku teʻeki ke nau tuí pea pehē ki he kau ākonga ʻoku feinga ke hokohoko atu mo fakamālohia ʻenau tui kiate Iá.

ʻOku makehe ʻa e Kosipeli ʻa Sioné ʻi he ngaahi Kosipeli ʻe faá. ʻI he kuonga muʻá, naʻe ʻiloa ia “ko ha Kosipeli fakalaumālie”³ koeʻuhí ko ʻene fakamamafa ʻi he natula faka-ʻOtua ʻo Sīsuú. ʻOku pehē ʻi hono ʻuluaki vēsí: “Naʻe ʻi he kamataʻangá ʻa e Folofolá, pea naʻe ʻi he ʻOtuá ʻa e Folofolá, pea ko e ʻOtuá ʻa e Folofolá” (Sione 1:1; tānaki atu hono fakamamafaʻí). Ka ʻokú ne toe fakamamafaʻi foki “naʻe hoko ʻa e Folofolá ko e kakano, pea nofo ia ʻiate kitautolu” (Sione 1:14).

ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he Kosipeli ko ʻení ko e taha ʻo e ngaahi ʻuhinga naʻe ʻikai mahino ai ki he kakai tokolahi ʻa e ngaahi akonaki ʻa Sīsuú ko ʻEne haʻu “mei ʻolungá” pea naʻá Ne maʻu ha fakakaukau taʻengata mo kehe mei he kakai “ʻoku ʻo māmaní” (Sione 8:23; vakai foki, 3:11–13, 31). ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe hono lau fakalelei ʻo e ngaahi fepōtalanoaʻaki ʻa Sīsū mo e niʻihi kehé ʻa e founga naʻá Ne fakaʻaongaʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi fengāueʻaki ko ʻení ke tokoni ki he kakaí ke fakalakalaka ʻenau ʻiló pea fakatupulaki ha fakakaukau ʻoku taʻengatá. ʻI he taimi kotoa pē naʻá Ne folofola aí, naʻá Ne fakahā ʻa e ngaahi folofola ʻa e ʻOtuá (vakai, Sione 8:40; 14:10, 24); pea ʻi Heʻene ngāué, naʻá Ne fakahoko e finangalo ʻo e ʻOtuá (vakai, Sione 4:34; 5:30; 6:38).

Ko e Meʻa Te Tau Lava ʻo Ako meia Sioné

ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he Kosipeli ʻa Sioné ʻa hono ngaahi taumuʻá: “ko ia kotoa pē naʻe maʻu [ʻe Sīsuú], naʻá ne foaki kiate kinautolu ʻa e monūʻia ke hoko ko e fānau ʻa e ʻOtuá, kiate kinautolu pē naʻe tui ki hono huafá” (Sione 1:12), pea “kuo tohi [e ngaahi meʻá ni], koeʻuhí ke mou tui ko e Kalaisí ʻa Sīsū, ko e ʻAlo ʻo e ʻOtuá; pea ke mou maʻu ʻi hoʻomou tuí ʻa e moʻui ʻi hono huafá” (Sione 20:31). Ko e Kosipeli ko ʻení ko ha fakamanatu ia ki he kotoa ʻene kau laukongá ʻa e mahuʻinga ʻo hono fakaʻatā ʻa Sīsū ke akoʻi kitautolu ki he founga ke fakaloloto ai ʻetau mahinó mei he fakakaukau taʻengata ʻa e ʻOtuá.

Fakaʻosí

Te tau lava ʻo ako ha ngaahi meʻa lahi ʻaki ʻetau fakakaukau ki he founga ʻoku fakamamafaʻi ai ʻe he Kosipeli takitaha ʻa e ngaahi tafaʻaki kehekehe ʻo e ngāue fakafaifekau ʻa Sīsuú pea fakamatalaʻi ha fakamatala fakafoʻituitui ʻo e Fakamoʻuí. Naʻe vahevahe ʻe he tokotaha faʻu tohi ʻo e Kosipeli takitaha ʻi ha ueʻi fakalaumālie, ʻa ʻene fakamoʻoni makehe kia Sīsū Kalaisí, ʻa ia ko e taimi ʻoku mahino aí te ne lava ʻo tānaki mai ha fakamaama ki heʻetau ako ʻa e Fuakava Foʻoú mo ʻetau mahino ki he Fakamoʻui ʻo e māmaní.

ʻOku kau ʻi he ngaahi kaveinga mālohi kehé, ʻa e ngaahi fakamoʻoni fakafoʻituitui ko ʻeni ʻoku akoʻi ai ko Sīsū Kalaisí ko ha Fakamoʻui ʻokú Ne fakahoko ʻEne ngaahi talaʻofa ki Heʻene kakai ʻo e fuakavá (Mātiu), ʻokú Ne tokoniʻi kitautolu ʻi he faingataʻá mo e hanganaki atu ki he ikuna taʻengatá (Maʻake), ʻa ia ʻoku fakaafeʻi kitautolu ʻe hono Laumālié ke tau ala atu ʻi he manavaʻofa ki he kakai kotoa pē (Luke), pea ʻokú ne fakaʻilongaʻi ʻa e hala ki he taha mo e ʻOtuá (Sione).